Sustainable removal of methylene blue dye from textile effluent by using cellulose nanocrystals extracted from sugarcane bagasse

Adsorption has proven to be a cost-effective option for treating wastewater containing dyes and other pollutants, as it is a simple and low-cost technique. In this work, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were extracted from sugarcane bagasse using the acid hydrolysis technique and used as an effective adsorbent for removing methylene blue dye. The chemistry behind the segregation of cellulose nanocrystals from sugarcane bagasse and its adsorption of methylene blue dye from textile wastewater has been discussed. The obtained nanocrystals were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermos gravimetric analysis (TGA). The dye solution was subjected to extracted CNC, observed the dye absorption capacity, and found that the absorbance of the dye solution after treatment was decreased compared to the stock solution. With an increase in treatment time from 30 to 90 min, there was a rapid decrease in absorbency values obtained through UV spectroscopy.