Analysis of antibiotic resistance and virulence patterns in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from human urinary tract infections in India

Aim: The aim of the study is to assess and compare the efficacy of four different disinfectants on adherence of Candida albicans to soft denture liner.
Materials and Methods: A total of 55 samples of soft lined acrylic blocks are fabricated and subjected to adherence testing for Candida albicans. The samples were then immersed in disinfectant solutions such as Distilled water, 100% Tea tree oil, 100% Neem extract, 2 % Chlorhexidine and 0.5% Sodium hypochlorite. Using the digital colony counter the number of cfu/ml of Candida albicans were determined on each sample before and after disinfection.
Statistical Analysis Used: Kruskal Wallis ANOVA and Post hoc tests were performed to analyze pairwise differences between the study groups at each of the dilutions used in this
study.
Results: Tea tree oil demonstrate-d highest inhibitory effect on the growth of Candida albicans at each of the three dilutions tested. At dilutions 10 and 100, neem extract was observed to be having the next highest inhibitory effect on Candida albicans after tea tree oil; however, the efficacy of neem extract reduced with an increase in dilution with chlorhexidine demonstrating the second highest inhibitory effect on Candida albicans
adherence at 103 dilution. Post hoc tests were performed to analyze pairwise differences between thestudy groups at each of the dilutions used in this study. At a dilution of 10, tea
tree oil demonstrated significant difference with all other disinfectants except neem extract. At a dilution of 100, similar observations were made with no significant difference in the
Candida adherence between tea tree oiland neem extract. However, at a dilution of 1000, tea tree oil showed significant difference only with sodium hypochlorite.
Conclusion: It was observed that there exists a significant difference between the disinfectants used in this study on adherence of Candida albicans to the soft denture liner.