Surface development by reinforcing nano-composites during friction stir processing – a review

Purpose – Friction stir processing (FSP) is overviewed with the process variables, along with the thermal aspect of different metals. Design/methodology/approach – With its inbuilt advantages, FSP is used to reduce the failure in the structural integrity of the body panels of automobiles, airplanes and lashing rails. FSP has excellent process ability and surface treatability with good corrosion resistance and high strength at elevated temperatures. Process parameters such as rotation speed of the tool, traverse speed, tool tilt angle, groove design, volume fraction and increase in number of tool passes should be considered for generating a processed and defect-free
surface of the workpiece. Findings – FSP process is used for modifying the surface by reinforcement of composites to improve the mechanical properties and results in the ultrafine grain refinement of microstructure. FSP uses the frictional
heat and mechanical deformation for achieving the maximum performance using the low-cost tool; the production time is also very less