Environmentally sustainable rice husk ash reinforced cardanol based polybenzoxazine bio-composites for insulation applications

Abstract
Tri-substituted cardanol based benzoxazine with functionalized rice husk ash (CBz/ FRHA) bio-composites were developed using renewable resource materials, and their thermal, electrical, and biological properties were studied by diferent analyti�cal methods. The molecular structure of CBz was confrmed by nuclear magnetic
resonance (1 H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) tech�niques. Data resulted from thermal studies indicated that the incorporation of bio�based silica reinforcement efectively improved the thermal properties including Tg, thermal stability and char yield. Dielectric studies indicate that the bio-based com�posites possess the lower value of dielectric constant (low k—2.15) than that of neat matrix (low k—4.04). Further, the antimicrobial studies were carried out against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus bacte�ria using disk difusion method and the results obtained confrm that the CBz/FRHA bio-composites possess an improved antibacterial behavior. Data resulted from dif�ferent studies, and it is suggested that CBz/FRHA based bio-composites can be used
as cost competitive materials in the form of adhesives, sealants, encapsulants and matrices for low-k insulation application in the feld of microelectronics for high�performance applications