A Cross-sectional Study on the Development of Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a South Indian Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Diabetic cardiovascular complication is a familiar macrovascular complication of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality for people with diabetes.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the parameters related to diabetic cardiovascular complication in patients with T2DM.
Methodology: This study was conducted on 530 subjects (171 with or 359 without diabetic cardiovascular complication). Prevalence of diabetic cardiovascular complication was measured, risk factors for diabetic cardiovascular complications, and drug utilization pattern was assessed.
Results: Cardiovascular complication was significantly higher in the subjects who are poorly educated, nature of work (house wives) and risk factors were pre-existing conditions (Hypertension, Cardiac, endocrine and other diseases), habit of smoking (past smoker), tea/coffee (twice without sugar), poor glycemic control, elevated triglyceride levels, elevated creatinine levels, duration of diabetes (5-10 years; >10 years).
Conclusion: Combination of Glimepiride and Metformin (35.10%), Metformin (34.04%), combination of insulin isophane and insulin regular (23.40%), Insulin Regular (11.70%) were the anti-diabetic drugs widely prescribed to the T2DM patients with cardiovascular complications. Significant risk factors for development of diabetic cardiovascular complication were multiple.